根据Livingston和Lewis(1995),“与测试分数相对应的有效测试长度是产生相同可靠性总分所需的离散、二分评分、局部独立、同样困难的项目数。”
ETL(mean, variance, l = 0, u = 1, reliability)
mean : 观察得分分布的平均值。
variance : 观察得分分布的方差。
l : 观察到的分数分布的下限。默认值为0(假设观察到的分数代表比例)。
u : 观察到的分数分布的上界。默认值为1(假设观察到的分数代表比例)。
reliability : 观察得分的信度(观察得分分布方差与真实得分分布分担的比例)。
# Generate some fictional data. Say, 100 individuals take a test with a
# maximum score of 100 and a minimum score of 0.
set.seed(1234)
testdata < - rbinom(100, 100, rBeta.4P(100, .25, .75, 5, 3))
hist(testdata, xlim = c(0, 100))
# Suppose the reliability of this test was estimated to 0.7. To estimate and
# retrieve the effective test length using ETL():
ETL(mean = mean(testdata), variance = var(testdata), l = 0, u = 100,
reliability = .7)